A sigma-delta ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) is a type of converter that uses oversampling and noise shaping to achieve high-resolution digital output from an analog signal. It works by converting the input signal into a series of pulses, which are then filtered and averaged to produce a precise digital representation. This method allows for better performance in terms of accuracy and noise reduction. These converters are commonly used in applications requiring high precision, such as audio processing, medical devices, and industrial sensors. Their ability to handle low-frequency signals while minimizing distortion makes them ideal for capturing detailed information in various electronic systems.