The settlement house movement began in the late 19th century as a response to the challenges faced by immigrants and the urban poor in rapidly industrializing cities. Settlement houses were community centers that provided various services, including education, healthcare, and job training, aimed at improving the living conditions of residents. They were often staffed by volunteers, including college-educated women, who sought to bridge the gap between social classes. One of the most famous settlement houses was Hull House, founded by Jane Addams in Chicago in 1889. These centers played a crucial role in advocating for social reform and addressing issues such as labor rights, women's suffrage, and public health. The movement emphasized the importance of community involvement and social responsibility, leaving a lasting impact on social work and community organization.