Separation processes are techniques used to divide a mixture into its individual components. These processes are essential in various industries, including chemicals, food, and pharmaceuticals, to purify products or recover valuable materials. Common methods include distillation, filtration, and centrifugation, each suited for specific types of mixtures. The choice of separation process depends on the physical and chemical properties of the components involved. For example, distillation relies on differences in boiling points, while filtration separates solids from liquids based on particle size. Understanding these processes is crucial for efficient production and resource management.