Sensor interfaces are systems that allow sensors to communicate with other devices, such as microcontrollers or computers. They convert the signals generated by sensors into a format that can be easily understood and processed. Common types of sensor interfaces include I2C, SPI, and UART, each with its own method of data transmission and communication protocols. These interfaces play a crucial role in various applications, from smartphones to automated factories. By facilitating the exchange of data between sensors and processing units, sensor interfaces enable real-time monitoring and control, enhancing the functionality and efficiency of electronic systems.