A scutum is a large, curved shield used by ancient Roman soldiers, particularly the legionaries. It was typically made of wood and covered with leather or metal, providing excellent protection in battle. The scutum's distinctive shape allowed it to effectively deflect blows and projectiles, making it a vital piece of equipment for Roman infantry. The design of the scutum evolved over time, with variations in size and shape. It often featured a central boss, or umbo, which could be used offensively in combat. The scutum played a crucial role in the famous tortoise formation, where soldiers would align their shields to create a protective barrier during sieges.