A scientific experiment is a structured procedure carried out to test a hypothesis or answer a specific question. It involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, and then conducting tests to gather data. The results help scientists understand relationships between variables and can lead to new discoveries. Experiments typically include a control group and one or more experimental groups. The control group remains unchanged, while the experimental groups are subjected to different conditions. This setup allows researchers to compare outcomes and draw conclusions about the effects of specific factors, such as temperature, light, or chemical substances.