The s-Block refers to a group of elements in the periodic table that includes the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. These elements are found in the first two columns (Groups 1 and 2) and are characterized by having their outermost electrons in the s orbital. Common examples include lithium, sodium, and calcium. They are known for being highly reactive, especially the alkali metals, which react vigorously with water. The s-Block elements typically have low melting and boiling points compared to other metals. They also tend to form positive ions by losing their outermost electron(s). This property makes them important in various chemical reactions and applications, such as in batteries and construction materials.