A root canal is a dental procedure used to treat infection or damage in the pulp of a tooth. The pulp contains nerves and blood vessels, and when it becomes infected, it can cause severe pain and swelling. During the procedure, a dentist removes the infected pulp, cleans the inside of the tooth, and seals it to prevent further infection. After a root canal, the tooth may need a crown to restore its strength and function. This treatment helps save the tooth and alleviates pain, allowing patients to maintain their natural teeth instead of opting for extraction.