Retinal circuitry refers to the complex network of neurons in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. This circuitry processes visual information by converting light into electrical signals. The main types of cells involved include photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells, each playing a crucial role in transmitting visual data to the brain. In the retina, photoreceptors (rods and cones) detect light and color, sending signals to bipolar cells. These cells then relay the information to ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve, transmitting visual information to the brain for interpretation. This intricate system allows us to perceive the world around us.