Residency is a stage of graduate medical training where doctors, known as residents, work in hospitals or clinics to gain hands-on experience in their chosen specialty. This period typically lasts from three to seven years, depending on the field, and allows residents to apply their medical knowledge under the supervision of experienced physicians. During residency, doctors take on increasing responsibilities, treating patients and participating in various medical procedures. This training is essential for developing the skills and expertise needed to practice independently as a licensed physician in their specialty area.