Regulatory T cells, often abbreviated as Tregs, are a specialized type of T cell that play a crucial role in maintaining the body's immune balance. They help prevent excessive immune responses that can lead to autoimmune diseases, where the body mistakenly attacks its own tissues. By producing specific signaling molecules, Tregs can suppress the activity of other immune cells, ensuring that the immune system functions properly without overreacting. These cells are essential for promoting tolerance to self-antigens, which helps the body recognize its own cells and avoid attacking them. Tregs are also involved in controlling inflammation and can influence the immune response during infections and cancer. Their proper functioning is vital for overall health and immune system regulation.