Reference standards are established benchmarks used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurements in various fields, such as science, medicine, and manufacturing. They provide a consistent point of comparison, allowing for the validation of test results and the calibration of instruments. These standards can take the form of physical samples, such as certified reference materials, or documented procedures that outline specific methods for testing. By adhering to reference standards, organizations can maintain quality control and ensure compliance with regulations, ultimately leading to improved safety and effectiveness in their products and services.