Reduction, or decrease, refers to the process of making something smaller or less in amount, size, or degree. This concept can apply to various contexts, such as reducing waste, cutting down expenses, or lowering temperatures. For example, when a company implements a cost reduction strategy, it aims to lower its operational expenses to improve profitability. In science, reduction often describes a chemical reaction where a substance gains electrons, leading to a decrease in its oxidation state. This process is essential in various fields, including biochemistry and environmental science, where understanding reduction can help in areas like energy production and pollution control.