Randomization is a process used in research and experiments to assign participants or subjects to different groups in a way that is completely random. This helps ensure that each group is similar in characteristics, reducing bias and allowing for more reliable results. By using randomization, researchers can better determine the effects of a treatment or intervention without the influence of external factors. In clinical trials, for example, randomization is crucial for comparing the effectiveness of a new drug against a placebo. Participants are randomly assigned to either receive the treatment or the placebo, which helps to ensure that any differences in outcomes can be attributed to the treatment itself rather than other variables.