Railway sleepers, also known as railroad ties, are the rectangular supports placed beneath the rails of a railway track. They help maintain the track's alignment and stability, distributing the weight of passing trains. Sleepers are typically made from materials like wood, concrete, or steel, each offering different benefits in terms of durability and maintenance. The choice of material for railway sleepers can affect the overall performance of the railway system. Wooden sleepers are often used for their natural shock-absorbing properties, while concrete sleepers are favored for their longevity and resistance to weather conditions. Properly maintained sleepers are essential for safe and efficient train operations.