The r-process, or rapid neutron capture process, is a nucleosynthesis process responsible for creating heavy elements in the universe. It occurs in extreme environments, such as during supernova explosions or neutron star mergers, where a large number of neutrons are available. These neutrons are rapidly captured by atomic nuclei, leading to the formation of heavier isotopes. This process is crucial for producing many of the elements heavier than iron, including gold and uranium. Understanding the r-process helps scientists explain the abundance of these elements in the universe and their distribution in celestial bodies, contributing to our knowledge of cosmic evolution and the life cycle of stars.