Quantum cryptography is a cutting-edge technology that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to secure communication. It allows two parties to exchange information in a way that is theoretically immune to eavesdropping, thanks to the unique properties of quantum bits, or qubits. One of the most notable applications of quantum cryptography is Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which enables the generation of a shared secret key between two users. If an eavesdropper attempts to intercept the key, the quantum state of the qubits will change, alerting the users to the presence of the intruder and ensuring the security of their communication.