Public health departments are government agencies responsible for protecting and improving the health of communities. They focus on preventing disease, promoting healthy lifestyles, and ensuring access to healthcare services. These departments often conduct health education programs, monitor health trends, and respond to public health emergencies. In addition to disease prevention, public health departments also work on issues like nutrition, environmental health, and maternal and child health. They collaborate with other organizations, such as hospitals and schools, to create policies and initiatives that enhance the overall well-being of the population.