Pseudocholinesterase is an enzyme found in the blood that helps break down certain chemicals, particularly those related to the nervous system. It plays a crucial role in metabolizing drugs like succinylcholine, which is often used during anesthesia. Individuals with low levels of pseudocholinesterase may experience prolonged effects from these medications, leading to extended muscle paralysis. This condition can be inherited or caused by certain health issues, making it important for medical professionals to assess enzyme levels before administering specific anesthetics.