Proximity fuzes are devices used in munitions that detonate when they come close to a target, rather than upon direct impact. This technology enhances the effectiveness of weapons like artillery shells and missiles by ensuring they explode at the optimal distance to maximize damage. These fuzes use sensors to detect the presence of nearby objects, such as aircraft or ground targets. When the sensor detects a target within a specific range, it triggers the detonation mechanism, allowing for a more effective strike compared to traditional impact fuzes.