A protocol is a set of rules or guidelines that dictate how data is transmitted and received over a network. It ensures that devices, like computers and smartphones, can communicate effectively. For example, the Internet Protocol (IP) is a common protocol that helps route data packets across the internet, allowing users to access websites and send emails. In addition to technology, the term protocol can also refer to formal procedures in various fields, such as diplomacy or medicine. In diplomacy, a diplomatic protocol outlines the proper conduct and etiquette for interactions between countries, ensuring respectful and effective communication.