In computer science, "primitives" refer to the most basic data types or operations that a programming language provides. These include types like integers, booleans, and characters, which serve as the building blocks for more complex data structures. Primitives are essential because they allow programmers to perform fundamental tasks, such as arithmetic calculations and logical comparisons. In graphics and design, "primitives" can also refer to simple shapes like circles, squares, and triangles. These shapes are the foundational elements used to create more intricate designs and models. By combining and manipulating these primitives, artists and designers can produce complex visual representations in various applications, from video games to digital art.