Primary hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). This excess hormone leads to elevated levels of calcium in the blood, which can cause various health issues, including kidney stones, bone pain, and fatigue. It is often caused by a benign tumor on one of the parathyroid glands. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to check calcium and PTH levels. Treatment may include surgery to remove the overactive gland(s) or monitoring in mild cases. Managing this condition is important to prevent complications related to high calcium levels.