The term "posterior circulation" refers to the part of the brain's blood supply that is primarily provided by the vertebral arteries and the basilar artery. This area is crucial for supplying oxygen and nutrients to the brainstem, cerebellum, and parts of the occipital lobe, which are essential for functions like balance, coordination, and vision. Disruptions in the posterior circulation can lead to various medical conditions, such as posterior circulation strokes. Symptoms may include dizziness, difficulty walking, and visual disturbances. Understanding this circulation is vital for diagnosing and treating related neurological issues effectively.