Polymorphisms refer to the occurrence of two or more distinct forms or variations within a species. In genetics, this term often describes variations in DNA sequences among individuals, which can lead to differences in traits, such as eye color or susceptibility to diseases. These variations can be caused by mutations, insertions, or deletions in the genetic code. In addition to genetics, polymorphisms can also apply to other fields, such as materials science, where substances can exist in different structural forms. For example, the mineral calcite can crystallize in various shapes, demonstrating how polymorphism can influence physical properties and behaviors in different contexts.