A point cloud is a collection of data points in a three-dimensional space, often generated by 3D scanning technologies like LiDAR or photogrammetry. Each point represents a specific location in space and can include additional information, such as color or intensity, allowing for detailed representations of objects or environments. Point clouds are commonly used in various fields, including geographic information systems (GIS), architecture, and robotics. They help create accurate 3D models for analysis, visualization, and simulation, making them valuable tools for professionals in design, engineering, and environmental studies.