The pneumococcal vaccine is designed to protect against infections caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. These infections can lead to serious illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections. The vaccine is especially important for young children, older adults, and individuals with certain health conditions. There are two main types of pneumococcal vaccines: PCV13 and PPSV23. PCV13 is typically given to infants and young children, while PPSV23 is recommended for adults and older children at higher risk. Vaccination helps reduce the spread of these bacteria and protects vulnerable populations from severe disease.