Pipe fittings are essential components used to connect, control, and change the direction of pipes in various plumbing and piping systems. They come in different shapes and sizes, including elbows, tees, and couplings, allowing for versatile configurations in both residential and industrial applications. These fittings are typically made from materials like PVC, copper, or steel, depending on the specific requirements of the system. Proper installation of pipe fittings ensures efficient flow and prevents leaks, making them crucial for maintaining the integrity of water supply and drainage systems.