Photosensitizers are special molecules that become activated by light, usually in the visible spectrum. When exposed to light, they can produce reactive oxygen species, which can damage nearby cells. This property makes them useful in various medical applications, particularly in photodynamic therapy for treating certain types of cancer. In addition to medical uses, photosensitizers are also found in photovoltaic cells and solar energy technologies, where they help convert light into energy. Their ability to absorb light and transfer energy makes them valuable in both therapeutic and energy applications, showcasing their versatility in science and technology.