Phosphatases are enzymes that play a crucial role in cellular processes by removing phosphate groups from molecules, particularly proteins. This dephosphorylation process can alter the activity, function, or location of the target proteins, thereby influencing various signaling pathways and metabolic processes within the cell. These enzymes are essential for regulating many biological functions, including cell growth, division, and differentiation. Phosphatases work in opposition to kinases, which add phosphate groups to proteins. Together, these two types of enzymes maintain a balance in cellular signaling, ensuring proper cellular responses to internal and external stimuli.