Peripheral proteins are a type of protein that are found on the surface of cell membranes. Unlike integral proteins, which are embedded within the membrane, peripheral proteins are loosely attached and can be easily removed. They play important roles in various cellular functions, including signaling, maintaining the cell's shape, and facilitating communication between cells. These proteins often interact with integral proteins or with the lipid bilayer of the membrane. They can be involved in processes such as cell adhesion, enzyme activity, and signal transduction. Peripheral proteins are essential for the proper functioning of cells and contribute to the overall dynamics of the cell membrane.