Percolation is the process by which a liquid moves through a porous material, such as soil or coffee grounds. This movement occurs due to gravity and the material's structure, allowing the liquid to filter through and collect at the bottom. Percolation is essential in various natural and artificial systems, including water drainage and brewing coffee. In environmental science, percolation plays a crucial role in groundwater recharge. As rainwater seeps through the soil, it filters impurities and replenishes underground water sources. Understanding percolation helps in managing water resources and assessing soil health, impacting agriculture and ecosystem sustainability.