A payload specialist is a person who is responsible for managing and overseeing specific experiments or equipment during a space mission. Unlike regular astronauts, payload specialists are often experts in their fields, such as science or engineering, and are selected for their specialized knowledge. They work closely with the crew of the spacecraft, ensuring that the payload, which can include scientific instruments or technology, is properly handled and operated. Payload specialists typically undergo training to familiarize themselves with the spacecraft, safety protocols, and the specific tasks they will perform. Their work is crucial for missions conducted by organizations like NASA or ESA, as they help maximize the scientific return from space missions by conducting experiments that require specialized skills.