The parietal peritoneum is a thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the abdominal wall. It is part of the larger peritoneum, which also includes the visceral peritoneum that covers the organs within the abdominal cavity. The parietal peritoneum helps protect the abdominal organs and provides a smooth surface that allows for movement. This membrane is sensitive to pain, pressure, and temperature, making it important for detecting issues within the abdomen. It is supplied by blood vessels and nerves, which help it communicate with the rest of the body. Conditions affecting the parietal peritoneum can lead to abdominal pain and other symptoms.