Parenteral nutrition is a medical method of providing essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This approach is often used for patients who cannot eat or absorb food normally due to conditions like gastrointestinal disorders, surgery recovery, or cancer treatment. It typically includes a mixture of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals tailored to the individual's needs. The process involves inserting a catheter into a vein, usually in the arm or chest, to deliver the nutrient solution. Healthcare professionals monitor patients closely to ensure they receive the right balance of nutrients and to prevent complications such as infections or imbalances.