The palatine bones are two L-shaped bones located at the back of the oral cavity. They form part of the hard palate, which is the roof of the mouth, and also contribute to the floor of the nasal cavity. Each palatine bone consists of a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, helping to separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity. These bones play a crucial role in the structure of the face and support the teeth. They also provide attachment points for various muscles and ligaments. The palatine bones are important for functions such as chewing and speaking, as they help shape the oral and nasal passages.