Ova, also known as egg cells, are the female reproductive cells in many organisms, including humans. They are produced in the ovaries and play a crucial role in reproduction. Each ovum contains half of the genetic material needed to form a new individual when combined with a sperm cell from a male. In humans, a female is born with a finite number of ova, which are released during the menstrual cycle. The process of releasing an ovum is called ovulation. If an ovum is fertilized by a sperm cell, it can develop into an embryo, leading to pregnancy and the eventual birth of a baby.