An osteon, also known as a Haversian system, is the fundamental structural unit of compact bone. It consists of a central canal surrounded by concentric layers of bone matrix, called lamellae. The central canal contains blood vessels and nerves, which supply nutrients and signals to the bone tissue. Osteons are crucial for maintaining the strength and integrity of bones. They are arranged in a way that allows bones to withstand various stresses. Each osteon is interconnected with others through tiny channels called canaliculi, which facilitate communication and nutrient exchange between bone cells, or osteocytes.