Open-access journals are academic publications that allow readers to access their content for free without any subscription fees. This model promotes the sharing of knowledge and research findings, making it easier for anyone, including students and researchers, to read and use the information. These journals often rely on funding from authors, institutions, or grants to cover publication costs. By removing paywalls, open-access journals aim to increase the visibility and impact of research, contributing to a more equitable distribution of knowledge across various fields, including science, technology, and humanities.