Olefins, also known as alkenes, are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by at least one carbon-carbon double bond. They are unsaturated compounds, meaning they contain fewer hydrogen atoms than their saturated counterparts, such as alkanes. Common examples of olefins include ethylene and propylene, which are widely used in the production of plastics and other chemicals. These compounds play a crucial role in the petrochemical industry, serving as building blocks for various products. Olefins can undergo reactions such as polymerization, where they combine to form larger molecules, leading to materials like polyethylene and polypropylene. Their versatility makes them essential in manufacturing and everyday products.