Ocean acidity refers to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, which dissolve in seawater and form carbonic acid. This process lowers the pH of ocean water, making it more acidic. Since the Industrial Revolution, ocean acidity has increased by about 30%, impacting marine ecosystems. Higher acidity affects marine life, particularly organisms with calcium carbonate shells or skeletons, such as coral reefs, oysters, and clams. These species struggle to build and maintain their structures in more acidic waters, which can disrupt food chains and biodiversity in ocean habitats.