Numerals are symbols or characters used to represent numbers. They can be classified into different types, such as natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, and rational numbers. The most common numeral system is the decimal system, which uses ten symbols (0-9) to express values. Other numeral systems include binary (base-2) and Roman numerals. Numerals can be written in various forms, including Arabic numerals, which are widely used today, and Roman numerals, which use letters from the Latin alphabet. Understanding numerals is essential for performing mathematical operations, measuring quantities, and expressing values in everyday life.