Nociceptors are specialized sensory receptors in the body that detect harmful stimuli, such as extreme temperatures, pressure, or chemical changes. They play a crucial role in the pain response by sending signals to the brain when tissue damage occurs, helping to protect the body from further injury. These receptors are found throughout the body, including in the skin, muscles, and internal organs. When activated, nociceptors transmit pain signals through the nervous system, alerting the body to potential harm. This process is essential for survival, as it encourages individuals to react to and avoid dangerous situations.