Nitrogen gas, represented by the chemical formula N2, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is a diatomic molecule, meaning it consists of two nitrogen atoms bonded together. Nitrogen is essential for life, as it is a key component of amino acids and nucleic acids, which are vital for the structure and function of living organisms. In its natural state, nitrogen gas is inert and does not easily react with other substances. This stability makes it useful in various applications, such as preserving food, creating an inert atmosphere for chemical reactions, and in the production of fertilizers. Additionally, nitrogen gas is used in industries like electronics and pharmaceuticals for its non-reactive properties.