nftables is a framework in Linux used for packet filtering, network address translation, and firewall management. It replaces the older iptables system, providing a more efficient and flexible way to manage network traffic. With a simpler syntax and improved performance, nftables allows users to define rules for handling packets in a more organized manner. The nftables framework uses a single tool, called nft, to manage both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, making it easier for administrators to configure and maintain network security. It supports features like sets and maps, which help streamline rule management and enhance overall network performance.