Neuroinflammation is the inflammation of the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when the body's immune cells respond to injury, infection, or disease, leading to the activation of microglia and astrocytes, which are types of cells in the brain. While this response is essential for healing, excessive or prolonged neuroinflammation can contribute to various neurological disorders. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease have been linked to neuroinflammation. In these cases, the ongoing inflammation can damage neurons and disrupt normal brain function, potentially worsening symptoms and progression of the disease. Understanding neuroinflammation is crucial for developing new treatments for these conditions.