Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It focuses on understanding how different parts of the nervous system are connected and how they function together to control various bodily activities and processes. This field examines various components, such as neurons, glial cells, and synapses, which play crucial roles in transmitting signals and supporting brain health. By exploring the anatomy of the nervous system, researchers can better understand conditions like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, leading to improved treatments and therapies.