Network routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send data packets. It involves routers, which are devices that forward data between different networks based on the destination address of the packets. Routing ensures that data travels efficiently from the source to the destination, even if the path is not direct. There are various routing protocols, such as RIP and OSPF, that help routers communicate and share information about the best paths available. These protocols enable dynamic routing, allowing networks to adapt to changes, such as outages or congestion, ensuring reliable data transmission.