Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are space rocks that have orbits bringing them close to Earth. They are classified based on their distance from the Sun and can potentially come within 1.3 astronomical units (AU) of our planet. NEAs vary in size, composition, and shape, and some may pose a risk of collision with Earth. Scientists study NEAs to understand their characteristics and potential threats. Programs like NASA's Planetary Defense Coordination Office monitor these asteroids to track their paths and assess any possible impact scenarios. Understanding NEAs helps improve our ability to protect Earth from potential hazards.