Naturalization is the legal process through which a foreign citizen becomes a citizen of a new country. This process typically involves meeting specific requirements, such as residing in the country for a certain number of years, demonstrating knowledge of the country's language and culture, and passing a citizenship test. Once these requirements are fulfilled, the individual can apply for citizenship. If approved, they take an oath of allegiance, officially becoming a citizen. In the United States, for example, naturalization allows immigrants to enjoy the same rights and responsibilities as native-born citizens.